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  • 2025 Volume 39 Issue 11
    Published: 20 November 2025
      
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  • ● Aticle
    Current status and model prospects of public health comprehensive prevention and control for children and adolescents mental health
    YANG Jie, WANG Xin
    2025, 39(11): 803-806821. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250184
    Abstract ( ) PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Mental health is an important component of children and adolescents health and represents a significant public health and social challenge for national and ethnic futures. Although policies have continued to evolve, their implementation faces challenges such as imperfect screening mechanisms and a predominant focus on treatment over prevention. The school-based prevention system encounters efficacy bottlenecks in identifying students’ psychological issues and maintaining appropriate teacher-to-student ratios. The outstanding public health problems in prevention and control include the incomplete establishment of monitoring and early warning systems, inadequate comprehensive intervention service systems, and ineffective privacy protection mechanisms. To address these gaps, there is an urgent need to develop a multi-stakeholder collaborative “five-in-one” public health comprehensive prevention and control system. This system should clarify institutional responsibilities, optimize funding allocation and privacy safeguards, strengthen professional workforce training, establish school-based monitoring and early warning frameworks with validated assessment tools, refine archival management, and implement evaluation protocols. Concurrently, enhancing public health intervention services through a “family-school-health integrated platform” improving intervention models and outcome evaluation mechanisms, and intensifying family education guidance are essential for sustainable progress.
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    Construction of growth curves and reference values for vital capacity among primary and secondary school students in Changzhou, 2024 based on LMS method
    WU Changqian, LI Xiaoqiang, DONG Huibin, ZHANG Yexiang
    2025, 39(11): 807-811. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250185
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    Objective To investigate the growth levels and patterns of vital capacity among primary and secondary school students aged 6-17 years in Changzhou in 2024, and to establish growth curves and percentile reference values of vital capacity in healthy children and adolescents. Methods In 2024, a total of 13 276 primary and secondary school students in Changzhou were enrolled to measure the vital capacity, with a stratified random cluster sampling method. Correlations between vital capacity and age were analyzed by Spearman’s rank correlation. Gender differences of vital capacity across different age groups were analyzed by t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum tests. The LMS method was employed to build percentile reference values and growth curves of vital capacity by gender and age, and comparisons were made with data from other regions. Results The measured P50 values of vital capacity for boys and girls aged 6-17 in Changzhou ranged from 1 068.50 to 4 286.00 mL and 996.00 to 2 984.00 mL, respectively. Vital capacity increased with age in both genders (all P<0.01). Vital capacity in boys was higher than that in girls across all age groups (all P<0.01). The constructed growth curves of vital capacity for boys and girls had similar shapes, showing gender differences. The peak growth period of vital capacity occurred at 12-14 years in boys and 9-11 years in girls. Conclusion The percentile curves and reference values of vital capacity constructed by LMS method in this study can provide reference for evaluating the growth levels of vital capacity among healthy children and adolescents in Changzhou.
  • ● Aticle
    Current status of elevated blood pressure and its association with obesity types among primary and secondary school students in Yangzhou
    YANG Fan, YAO Qingbing, ZHU Weiwei, LU Shenghua
    2025, 39(11): 812-815832. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250186
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    Objective To explore the current status of elevated blood pressure and its association with obesity types among primary and secondary school students, and to provide a scientific basis for effective interventions. Methods With a stratified random sampling method, a total of 9 001 primary and secondary school students were selected from 36 schools in 6 counties of Yangzhou from October to November 2024.Physical examination and questionnaire survey were conducted, respectively. The chi-square test was used to analyze the differences of elevated blood pressure among students with different characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations between different obesity types and blood pressure. Results The detection rate of elevated blood pressure among primary and secondary school students in Yangzhou was 11.09% (7.38% systolic, 6.19% diastolic). Males exhibited higher rates than females (elevated blood pressure: 11.99% vs. 10.08%; systolic: 8.84% vs. 5.76%). The detection rates of elevated blood pressure, elevated systolic blood pressure, and elevated diastolic blood pressure among primary and secondary school students with compound obesity were 17.71%, 13.64%, and 8.54%, respectively, followed by general obesity (11.55%, 7.81%, 6.56%) and isolated abdominal obesity (8%, 3.43%, 4.57%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risks of elevated blood pressure, elevated systolic blood pressure, and elevated diastolic blood pressure among primary and secondary school students with compound obesity and general obesity were 2.65 and 1.55 times, 3.51 and 1.91 times, and 1.81 and 1.30 times that of non-obese individuals, respectively. Conclusion Both compound obesity and general obesity can affect blood pressure, with compound obesity posing the highest risk.
  • ● Aticle
    Artificial intelligence in identification and intervention for adolescent depression: A review of recent advances
    ZHU Wendi, WANG Xin, TANG Jiawen, ZHANG Xiyan, YANG Jie
    2025, 39(11): 816-821. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250187
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    Adolescent depression has emerged as an increasingly serious global public health issue. However, traditional identification methods and intervention models still have such drawbacks as strong subjectivity and low identification efficiency. The innovative application of artificial intelligence technology in this field provides new insights for breaking through the bottlenecks of traditional methods. This paper systematically reviews relevant domestic and international literature from three aspects: identification technologies, intervention methods, and existing challenges, aiming to provide a theoretical reference for the early identification and intervention of adolescent depression. Currently, the field is still confronted with challenges, including limited research subjects, small sample sizes, and lack of application verification. In the future, efforts should be made to promote the research on artificial intelligence-based identification and intervention of adolescent depression towards the directions of multimodal integration, intelligent intervention, and transformation of application scenarios.
  • ● Aticle
    Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of injury-related behaviors among primary and secondary school students in Liaoning, 2020-2023
    GAO Qing, YE Qianwen, LIU Jiaqi, LIU Huihui, WU Ming
    2025, 39(11): 822-826. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250188
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    Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, development trends, and influencing factors of injury-related behaviors among primary and secondary school students in Liaoning from 2020 to 2023, and to provide scientific strategies and basis for the further prevention and control of injury-related behaviors. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling approach was employed to investigate the prevalence of injury-related behaviors among students enrolled in Liaoning during 2020 to 2023.Rigorous analyses were carried out for the distribution characteristics, development trends, and the influencing factors. Results From 2020 to 2023, the overall reporting rate of injury-related behaviors among primary and secondary school students in Liaoning was 24.5%. The reporting rate of daily unintentional injuries was 16.9% (including 16.0% for walking violations and 0.9% for non-safe swimming). The reporting rate of family bullying/violence, serious injuries, school bullying was 9.0%, 2.2%, and 1.3%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that for serious injuries, rural areas (OR=0.92, 95%CI: 0.87-0.98, P=0.010) and female (OR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.55-0.62, P<0.001) were protective factors, while higher grades (junior high school: OR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.08-1.25, P<0.001; senior high school: OR=1.65,95%CI: 1.52-1.78, P<0.001) were identified as risk factors. Regarding school bullying, female (OR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.66-0.77, P<0.001) and non-boarders (OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.67-0.82, P<0.001) were protective factors, while higher grades (junior high school: OR=1.2, 95%CI: 1.13-1.38, P<0.001; senior high school: OR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.29-1.59, P<0.001) were risk factors. For walking violations, female (OR=0.84, 95%CI: 0.82-0.86, P<0.001) was a protective factor, while non-boarders (OR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.15-1.24, P<0.001) and higher grades (junior high school: OR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.13-1.20, P<0.001; senior high school: OR=1.30,95%CI: 1.26-1.34, P<0.001) were risk factors. For non-safe swimming, female (OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.60-0.72, P<0.001), non-boarders (OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.58-0.75, P<0.001), and junior high school (OR=0.87, 95%CI: 0.78-0.98, P=0.017) were protective factors. For family bullying/violence, female (OR=0.82, 95%CI: 0.79-0.84, P<0.001) and higher grades (junior high school: OR=0.78,95%CI: 0.76-0.81, P<0.001; senior high school: OR=0.40, 95%CI: 0.39-0.42, P<0.001) were protective factors, while non-boarders (OR=1.46,95%CI: 1.38-1.55, P<0.001) was a risk factor. Conclusions Injury-related behaviors among students in Liaoning showed a downward trend from 2020 to 2023.Males, urban areas, and primary schools were the primary at-risk groups, with daily unintentional injuries being the most prevalent. In response to the factors influencing the prevalence of these injuries, corresponding prevention, control, and intervention measures should be prioritized to safeguard the healthy growth of students.
  • ● Aticle
    Analysis of influencing factors for the co-occurrence of abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure among primary and secondary school students in Jiangsu
    YANG Ruohan, WANG Xin, ZHANG Xiyan, DU Wei, XIN Yiliang, LI Peixuan, YANG Jie
    2025, 39(11): 827-832. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250189
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    Objective To explore the influencing factors for the co-occurrence of abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure among primary and secondary school students in Jiangsu, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of common health issues in children and adolescents. Methods From September to November 2023, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 139 386 primary and secondary school students in Jiangsu. Physical examinations and questionnaire surveys were conducted, covering indicators such as basic student information, dietary and exercise behaviors, and psychological factors. A multinomial logistic regression model was performed to analyze the influencing factors for abdominal obesity only, elevated blood pressure only, and the co-occurrence of abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure. Results The detection rate of the co-occurrence of abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure was 7.02%. Abdominal obesity only was positively correlated with being in the central-Jiangsu region (OR=1.16), mother’s education level of junior high school/secondary specialized school/high school (OR=1.05) or college and above (OR=1.08), sometimes or daily consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (OR=1.08), sometimes or daily consumption of fresh vegetables (OR=1.16), mild-to-moderate stress (OR=1.08) or severe and above stress (OR=1.12), daily screen time of ≥ 2 h (OR=1.07), and daily outdoor activity time of ≥ 2 h (OR=1.04). Elevated blood pressure only was positively correlated with being in junior high school and senior high school (OR=1.27 and 1.43), living in suburban counties (OR=1.07), and being in the central-Jiangsu region (OR=1.22). The co-occurrence of abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure was positively correlated with being in junior high school and senior high school (OR=1.36 and 1.99), being in the central-Jiangsu region (OR=1.45), father’s education level of junior high school/secondary specialized school/high school (OR=1.12), sometimes or daily consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (OR=1.12), sometimes or daily consumption of fresh vegetables (OR=1.37), severe and above stress (OR=1.11), daily screen time of ≥ 2 h (OR=1.08). The co-occurrence was negatively correlated with being female (OR=0.56), living in suburban counties (OR=0.93), being in northern Jiangsu (OR=0.79), sometimes or daily breakfast consumption (OR=0.76), adequate sleep (OR=0.93), and meeting the criteria for moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity (OR=0.76). Conclusions Unhealthy diet, insufficient sleep, inadequate physical activity, and high stress are potential influencing factors for the comorbidity of abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure. Primary and secondary school students should be encouraged to eat breakfast daily, avoid sugar-sweetened beverages, ensure adequate sleep and physical activity, and maintain a positive mindset to reduce the comorbidity of abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure in children.
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    Analysis of depression, anxiety, and stress status and influencing factors among students in Guangzhou technical schools
    LUO Linfeng, SUN Ai, CHEN Jianwei
    2025, 39(11): 833-838. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250190
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    Objective To investigate the depression, anxiety, and stress status among students in Guangzhou’s technical school, and provide references for technical school to carry out psychological intervention among students. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was applied to select 2 087 students from 10 technical schools of Guangzhou in October 2022.The questionnaire survey was conducted using the depression-anxiety-stress scale (DASS-21). The survey focused on the depression, anxiety, and stress status and the influencing factors among students in the past week. Results The scores of depression, anxiety, and stress among technical school students were 2(0.00, 6.00), 2(0.00, 6.00) and 2(0.00, 10.00), respectively. The detection rates of depression, anxiety, and stress were 18.5%, 21.08%, and 10.21%, respectively. The logistic regression analysis showed that students with monthly disposable expenses≥2 000 yuan, those from poor or fair family atmosphere and smokers exhibited higher levels of depression (OR=1.172, 2.741, 1.448, and 1.388, respectively). Similarly, students from poor or fair family atmosphere and smokers had higher anxiety levels (OR = 4.670, 1.877 and 2.037, respectively), as did those with monthly disposable income≥2 000 yuan, poor or fair family atmosphere, and smokers (OR=1.516, 5.406, 1.755, and 2.177, respectively). Third-year students showed lower stress levels (OR=0.625). Conclusions The detection rates of depression and stress among students in technical schools of Guangzhou are relatively low, while the detection rate of anxiety is relatively high. Psychological interventions for these students should prioritize groups such as those from urban areas, families with poor family atmosphere, those with higher monthly disposable income, and smokers.
  • ● Aticle
    Application of Draw-a-Person-in-the-Rain test in assessing emotional state and coping styles among technical secondary school graduates
    WEN Tianyang, WAN Yumei, CHEN Zhenli, SUN Wen
    2025, 39(11): 839-845. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250191
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    Objective To explore the application of the Draw-a-Person-in-the-Rain test in assessing the emotional state and coping styles among technical secondary school graduates, and provide a reference for psychological screening and treatment in adolescents. Methods A total of 450 third-grade graduates from a technical secondary school in Ji’nan were surveyed with the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), along with the Draw-a-Person-in-the-Rain test. According to CDI, graduates were divided into depression positive and negative groups. According to SCARED, graduates were divided into anxiety positive and negative groups. The difference of 50 Draw-a-Person-in-the-Rain test characteristics in four dimensions of integrity, rain, person and protective objects were compared between the two groups, and Logistic regression analysis was carried out. SCSQ was divided into positive coping tendency and negative coping tendency, and the correlations between coping tendency and characteristics of Draw-a-Person-in-the-Rain test were analyzed to establish a Logistic regression model. Results The depression positive group exhibited significantly higher frequencies in 28 drawing characteristics compared to the depression negative group, and 8 characteristics showed significantly lower frequencies. Logistic regression analysis indicated that 13 drawing characteristics positively predicted depressive tendency, while 2 negatively predicted. The anxiety positive group had 27 drawing characteristics that occurred significantly more frequently than in the anxiety negative group, 6 characteristics showed significantly lower frequencies. Logistic regression analysis indicated that all 9 drawing characteristics positively predicted anxiety tendency. A total of 31 drawing characteristics were related to coping tendency, with 6 significantly positively correlated with positive coping tendency and 25 significantly positively correlated with negative coping tendency. Logistic regression analysis indicated that, when the effect of emotional state on coping tendency was not considered, only 3 drawing characteristics from the protective object dimension entered the equation, with 2 positively predicting negative coping tendency and 1 positively predicting positive coping tendency, with the McFadden’s pseudo (R2=0.232). When considering the effect of emotional state on coping tendency, the McFadden’s pseudo R2 increased, indicating a higher level of model explanation, and more dimensional drawing characteristics entered the equation. Conclusions Some of characteristics of the Draw-a-Person-in-the-Rain test can effectively predict the emotional state and coping tendency of technical secondary graduates. When applying the Draw-a-Person-in-the-Rain test to predict the coping styles, it is necessary to consider the impact of emotional state to achieve a more comprehensive assessment.
  • ● Aticle
    Association between residential outdoor nighttime artificial light exposure and mental health among secondary school students
    ZHANG Shunjun, ZHOU Yanfeng
    2025, 39(11): 846-849854. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250192
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    Objective To understand the associations between residential outdoor nighttime artificial light and mental health among students, and to provide a theoretical basis for students’ mental health interventions based on novel environmental risk behavior factors. Methods From October to December 2023, 1 258 students from three junior high schools and two general high schools in four main urban areas in Kunming were enrolled with a stratified cluster random sampling method. The Mental Health Self-Assessment Scale for Secondary School Students (MMHI-60) was performed to assess mental health problems. The values of the outdoor Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) in the area where the students lived were obtained with satellite data. The χ2 test and linear regression methods were employed to examine the associations between residential outdoor nighttime artificial light and students’ mental health. Results Among the secondary school students in Kunming, 596 (47.38%) exhibited mental health problems. Significant differences in detection rates of mental health problems were observed across different outdoor ALAN levels (χ2= 715.93, P<0.01). Female students (56.15%) had higher detection rate than male students (37.99%), students exposed to smoking environments (60.93%) had a higher rate than those not exposed (42.30%), and students with insomnia (69.83%) had higher rate than those without insomnia (38.44%) (χ2= 226.248, 204.38, 213.202, 311.07, and 932.294, P<0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that ALAN, gender, grades, exposure to smoking environments, and insomnia were all influencing factors in students’mental health (β= -0.002, 0.211, 0.043, -0.143, -0.471, P<0.001). Among these, residential outdoor ALAN was negatively correlated with student’s mental health scores, indicating that higher ALAN levels were associated with better mental health. Conclusions The detection rate of mental health problems among the secondary school students in Kunming is relatively high. Residential outdoor artificial light at night and other factors are associated with adolescent mental health.
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    Analysis of e-cigarette use and its association with sleep among junior high school students in a county of Shenyang
    TANG Mingxun, YANG Tianyu, WANG Jia’na, SHI Bihan, SUN Qi
    2025, 39(11): 850-854. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250193
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    Objective To explore the prevalence of e-cigarette use and its association with sleep status among junior high school students in a county of Shenyang, and to provide a data basis for the formulation and implementation of children and adolescents health-related measures in Shenyang. Methods From January to March 2023, a total of 1 183 junior high school students in a county in Shenyang were surveyed with a questionnaire, which is based on the U.S. CDC National Youth Tobacco Survey and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, modified according to local conditions. Data on students’ basic characteristics and e-cigarette use were collected. χ2 tests、Fisher’s exact tests and logistic regression were employed to analyze the associations between e-cigarette use and sleep status. Results A total of 1 186 questionnaires were collected, with 1 183 valid response (validity rate: 99.75%).The rate of e-cigarette smoking among the 1 183 students was 2.87%. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in bedtime, wake-up time, difficulty falling asleep, nocturnal coughing or snoring, and self-perceived sleep quality between e-cigarette users and non-users. Logistic regression results showed that e-cigarette users had a 6.652-fold higher risk of later bedtime, a 6.251-fold higher risk of later wake-up time, a 5.700-fold higher risk of difficulty falling asleep, a 5.561-fold higher risk of nocturnal coughing or snoring, and an 8.758-fold higher risk of perceiving poorer sleep quality compared to non-users. Conclusions There is an association between e-cigarette use among junior high school students and adverse outcomes in multiple sleep metrics, so the use of e-cigarettes among junior high school students should be strictly supervised, and the smoking ban management should be carried out to reduce the smoking rate, prolong the sleep time, and improve the sleep quality.
  • ● Aticle
    Follow-up study on visual acuity and its influencing factors among college students in a university in Xizang
    HUANG Xiaofen, ZHAXI Luobu, LI Yaobing, LABA Sangzhu
    2025, 39(11): 855-860874. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250194
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    Objective To investigate the current status, trends, and influencing factors of visual acuity among college students in Xizang, and to provide evidence for developing prevention and control strategies against visual acuity in plateau-dwelling students. Methods Visual acuity data from 350 Xizang college students during 2023-2024 health screenings were analyzed to assess changes before/after enrollment and identify influencing factors. Paired χ2 tests evaluated changes in poor vision among freshmen one year post-enrollment. Sankey diagrams visualized bilateral vision changes between 2023 and 2024.Independent samples t-tests and ANOVA compared vision differences across gender, ethnicity, age, college, geographic origin, sleep duration, and sleep quality. Stepwise linear regression identified potential predictors of vision changes. Results The detection rate of poor vision was 71.43% in 2023 and 63.14% in 2024, showing a statistically significant reduction post-enrollment (χ2=203.364, P<0.001). Significant differences were observed across gender (t=2.03, P=0.04) and colleges (F=4.54, P<0.05). In the stepwise linear regression adjusted for gender, colleges, and BMI: Students from the College of Science ［left eye: β=-0.183, 95%CI (-0.278,-0.089), P=0.001; right eye: β=-0.154, 95%CI(-0.245,-0.063), P=0.001］ and non-southern regions ［left eye: β=-0.131, 95%CI(-0.247,-0.016), P=0.026; right eye: β=-0.177, 95%CI(-0.288,-0.065), P=0.002］ exhibited greater reductions in uncorrected visual acuity. Conclusion The detection rate of poor vision significantly shows a downward trend among college student in Xizang after one year, with regional and institutional disparities persisting.
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    Dry eye status and lifestyle-related influencing factors among students in a medical higher vocational college in Zhangzhou
    CHEN Yuhang, HU Shuluan, LI Ruifeng
    2025, 39(11): 861-864874. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250195
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    Objective To understand the current status of dry eye among students in a medical higher vocational college in Zhangzhou and explore the correlations between lifestyle and dry eye, and to provide a basis for colleges to carry out targeted health education on dry eye prevention. Methods From October to December 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted on students at a medical higher vocational college through random cluster sampling in Zhangzhou. The survey included personal basic information, the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scale, and lifestyle-related influencing factors. Rank-sum tests and logistic regression analysis were performed for statistical analysis. Results Among 737 college students, the prevalence of dry eye symptoms was 30.0% (221/737), with 13.7% having mild symptoms, 11.7% moderate symptoms, and 4.6% severe symptoms. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that higher grades (OR=1.754, 95%CI=1.257-2.449), irregular sleep patterns (OR=2.023, 95%CI=1.546-2.646), smoking and drinking behavior (OR=1.616, 95%CI=1.111-2.351), and wearing contact lenses (OR=1.585, 95%CI=1.218-2.064) were risk factors for dry eye symptoms, while a preference for fruits and vegetables in the diet (OR=0.715, 95%CI=0.541-0.945) as a protective factor. Conclusions The prevalence of dry eye symptoms among college students is at a moderate level but still needs improvement. Students in higher grade exhibit a higher prevalence of dry eye symptoms. Unhealthy lifestyles, such as irregular sleep patterns, smoking and drinking behavior, and wearing contact lenses, can increase the risk of dry eye occurrence. It’s essential to strengthen related health education and cultivate good lifestyle habits to reduce the risk of dry eye.
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    Analysis of public health emergencies of school infectious disease outbreaks in Suzhou, 2006-2023
    LIU Hui, CHEN Liling
    2025, 39(11): 865-870. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250196
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    Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies of school infectious disease outbreaks in Suzhou from 2006 to 2023, and to provide evidence-based insights for the corresponding prevention and control measures. Methods Data on public health emergencies of school infectious disease outbreaks reported in Suzhou from 2006 to 2023 were collected from the “Public Health Emergency Reporting Management System”. Descriptive epidemiological methods were applied to analyze the three-dimensional distributions, as well as the characteristics of school types, and disease categories associated with these public health emergencies. Results From 2006 to 2023, a total of 188 public health emergencies of school infectious diseases outbreaks were reported, involving 6 971 cases (overall morbidity rate of 2.87%), with no fatalities. The annual number of outbreaks peaked at 39 (20.74%) in 2017, followed by elevated annual counts (> 10 cases) post-2017 except in 2022 (7 cases). The top three reported diseases were chickenpox (97 cases, 51.60%), other infectious diarrhea diseases (32 cases, 17.02%), and influenza (25 cases, 13.30%), accounting for 81.91% of the total reported cases. The top three diseases in terms of morbidity rate were COVID-19 (33.71%), other infectious diarrhea diseases (4.84%), and others (4.71%). The morbidity rate were characterized with bimodal features with the primary peak extending from November-December, and the secondary peak observed in March yearly. Pathogen-specific peaks varied: chickenpox peaked in October-December, diarrhea in November, and influenza in December-March of the following year. Top outbreak-prone districts included Zhangjiagang (48 cases, 25.53%), Huqiu District (47 cases,25.00%), and Gusu District (27 cases,14.36%). The incidents mainly occurred in primary schools (108 cases, 57.45%) and kindergartens (49 cases, 26.06%). Urban schools reported more outbreaks (161 cases, 85.64%) than rural schools (27 cases,14.36%), while the rural schools exhibited higher morbidity rate than urban schools (4.80% vs. 2.62%). The Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between the intervention time and the outbreak duration (rs=0.746, P<0.001). Conclusions The reporting of school infectious disease outbreaks in Suzhou has generally shown an upward trend in recent years, with chickenpox, diarrhea, and influenza as primary pathogens for prevention and control of school-related infectious disease. The prevention and control for the key settings of primary schools and kindergartens and peak-season of winter-spring should be enhanced. Schools should strengthen the prevention and control as well as monitoring of infectious diseases during peak season, for high-incidence diseases and in high-incidence places, and strive to achieve early detection, early reporting and early intervention.
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    Analysis of influencing factors on the success or failure of cesarean section under epidural anesthesia after epidural labor analgesia
    HAO Ting, SHI Xiangkui, MU Yu
    2025, 39(11): 871-874. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250197
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    Objective To analyze the influencing factors of the success of epidural analgesia for cesarean section after epidural labor analgesia. Methods A total of 198 parturients who underwent epidural analgesia during delivery followed by epidural labor anesthesia for cesarean section at Xuzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2023 and June 2024 were randomly selected using a random number table method. They were divided into a success group and a failure group based on epidural anesthesia outcomes. General data, epidural analgesia status, cesarean section indicators, and neonatal indicators of the two groups were compared and analyzed respectively. Logistic regression was applied to analyse the influencing factors. Results A total of 179 successful cases and 19 failed cases were collected. In the success group, 93 cases (51.96%) required oxytocin induction, median labour analgesia duration was (373.94 ± 58.48) min, and median patient-controlled analgesia frequency ［M (P25, P75) of 0 (0, 1) time. The above data in the failure group were 15 cases (78.95%), (495.37 ±43.33) min, and 2 (1,2) times, respectively, showing statistically significant differences (χ2=5.048, P=0.025; t=-8.790, P<0.001;Z=-5.681, P<0.001). Preoperative mean arterial pressure and dilation of the cervix in the success group were (113.47 ± 6.72) mmHg and (4.16 ± 0.57) cm, respectively, while those in the failure group were (117.11 ± 5.08) mmHg and (4.76 ± 0.76) cm, with statistically significant differences (t=-2.287, -4.175, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that oxytocin induction, higher patient⁃controlled analgesia frequency, prolonged duration of analgesia, larger preoperative cervix, and high mean arterial pressure increased the risk of failure in transitioning from epidural labor analgesia to epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. Conclusions The success or failure of switching from epidural labor analgesia to epidural anesthesia is influenced by factors such as the need for oxytocin induction during labor analgesia, and patient⁃controlled analgesia frequency, etc. Timely adjustment of anesthesia methods is critical to reduce adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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    Suggestions for infectious disease prevention and control education in colleges and universities from a health communication perspective
    LIU Qingming, MA Xiaoyan, XIA Junnan, CUI Weihong, LIU Haiyun
    2025, 39(11): 875-877. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250198
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    Traditional health education methods in universities primarily focus on information dissemination and knowledge transfer, lack interactivity and engagement, which fail to meet college students’ personalized health needs. Guided by the theory of health communication, this study explores strategies for infectious disease prevention and control education in colleges and universities from the perspective of health communication, aiming to achieve the goal of a Health-Promoting University. By analyzing the core values of health communication and its crucial role in health status monitoring, in-class and out-of-class health education, healthy information environments, and health promotion activities on campus, this study proposes improvement strategies from four aspects: crowdsourcing monitoring, interpersonal interaction, environmental purification, and case-speafic analysis integration with a holistic overview. These strategies seek to enhance the effectiveness of health communication and elevate the level of infectious disease prevention and control education.
  • ● Aticle
    Analysis of the association between screened myopia and school classroom environmental hygiene among primary and secondary school students in Xuzhou
    ZHANG Yang, MIAO Shenghao, SHI Mengxing, QI Jiarui, LI Jia’an, ZHANG Juan
    2025, 39(11): 878-881. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250199
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    Objective To analyze the associations between screened myopia and classroom environmental hygiene among primary and secondary school students in Xuzhou, and to provide scientific evidence for myopia prevention and control in children and adolescents, as well as classroom environment improvement. Methods With a stratified cluster sampling method, 21 291 students from 61 schools in 5 urban districts and 5 suburban counties of Xuzhou were selected for vision screening between September and October 2024.A total of 366 classrooms were sampled for classroom environmental hygiene monitoring. The monitoring indicators included per capita classroom area, desk and chair allocation rate, blackboard dimensions, lighting and illumination, and noise levels. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were employed to examine the associations between screened myopia and classroom environment. Results The detection rate of screened myopia was 65.2% among primary and secondary school students. The monitoring results of school classroom environment indicated the compliance rates of the above parameters were significant differences: higher for desktop average illuminance and blackboard dimensions (94.8%, 73.8%), but lower for blackboard reflectance ratio and desk-chair allocation compliance rate (35.8%, 1.1%). Univariate analysis indicated that blackboard dimensions, blackboard reflectance ratio, blackboard surface average illuminance, desktop average illuminance and uniformity significantly influenced myopia (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that non-compliant blackboard reflectance ratio (OR= 1.215, 95%CI: 1.126-1.310) , desktop average illuminance (OR=2.115, 95%CI: 1.730-2.585) and desktop average illuminance uniformity (OR= 1.152, 95%CI: 1.067-1.245) increased myopia risk. Conclusions The detection rate of screened myopia among primary and secondary school students in Xuzhou City remains high. Blackboard reflectance, ratio desktop average illuminance and uniformity have a significant impact on student myopia onset.
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    Construction and application of Shanghai Children and Adolescents’Health Comprehensive Monitoring Information System
    ZHANG Zhe, LUO Chunyan, ZHANG Fengyun, YANG Dongling, FENG Yangxin, SHI Lijuan, ZHU Rong
    2025, 39(11): 883-884882. https://doi.org/10.20161/j.cnki.32-1199/R.20250183
    Abstract ( ) PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Information technology is an effective means to improve the health level of children and adolescents. However, existing health-related information systems and data for this population are fragmented across multiple departments, with limited application scenarios and severe information barriers, restricting the comprehensive utilization of children and adolescents’ health data. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an integrated information system that consolidates health data across multiple age groups and departments, optimizing and streamlining the processes of monitoring, evaluation, intervention, and service workflows. This will provide practical insights for improving health information management and enhancing public health service capabilities for children and adolescents. The paper outlines the construction goals, overall architecture, main functions, and application outcomes of the Shanghai Children and Adolescents’ Health Comprehensive Monitoring Information System.
Editor-in-Chief: Ma Jun
Tenured Professor of Peking University
Doctoral Supervisor