主动性人格影响某高校大学生主观幸福感的链式中介作用分析

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摘要目的探讨大学生主动性人格、手机成瘾、低头行为、拖延行为与主观幸福感之间的关系,以期为今后科学干预大学生主观幸福感提供实证依据。方法采用主动性人格量表、大学生手机成瘾倾向量表、低头行为量表、简版一般拖延量表和幸福感指数量表对某高校843名本科生进行调查,采用t检验、方差分析、Pearson相关分析和bootstrap分析法进行数据分析。结果本次调查共843名本科生,其中男生110人,女生733人;年龄16～24岁,平均年龄为(19.84±1.54)岁,主动性人格均分为(5.01±0.85)分,手机成瘾均分为(2.63±0.66)分,低头行为均分为(2.68±0.64)分,拖延行为均分为(2.77±0.58)分,主观幸福感均分为(10.47±2.38)分。主动性人格与主观幸福感呈正相关(r=0.482,P<0.001),与手机成瘾、低头行为、拖延行为均呈负相关(r=-0.208、-0.191、-0.243,P<0.001);主观幸福感与手机成瘾、低头行为、拖延行为均呈负相关(r=-0.158、-0.183、-0.240,P<0.001)。主动性人格积极预测主观幸福感(β=1.232,95%CI [1.062,1.401]),直接效应占总效应的95.3%;拖延行为在主动性人格与主观幸福感之间起部分中介作用(β=0.043,95%CI [0.014,0.081]),间接效应占总效应的3.1%;手机成瘾、拖延行为和低头行为在主动性人格与主观幸福感之间起链式中介作用(β=0.020,95%CI [0.006,0.039]),链式间接效应占总效应的1.6%。结论主动性人格既能直接预测主观幸福感,也可以通过降低手机成瘾,进而减少低头行为和拖延行为,间接影响主观幸福感。社会各界应重视大学生主动性人格的培养,同时帮助其减少不良行为习惯,以提高主观幸福感。

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	张玉东

关键词 ：大学生, 人格, 手机成瘾, 拖延, 主观幸福感

Abstract：Objective To probe into the relationship between proactive personality, mobile phone addiction, phubbing, procrastination, and subjective well-being of college students, in order to provide empirical evidence for the scientific intervention of subjective well-being of college students in the future. Methods A total of 843 Chinese undergraduates were investigated by using the Proactive Personality Scale, the College Students’ Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale, the Phubbing Scale, the General Procrastination Scale, and the Well-being Index Scale. Descriptive analysis, independent samples t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analyses, and bootstrap method were performed to analyze the data. Results A total of 843 undergraduates were surveyed, including 110 males and 733 females, aged 16-24 years with an average age of (19.84±1.54) years. The average score for proactive personality was (5.01±0.85), the average score for mobile phone addiction was (2.63±0.66), the average score for phubbing was (2.68±0.64), the average score for procrastination was (2.77±0.58), and the average score of subjective well-being was (10.47±2.38). Proactive personality was positively correlated with subjective well-being (r=0.482, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with mobile phone addiction, phubbing, and procrastination (r=-0.208, -0.191, -0.243, P<0.001). Subjective well-being was negatively correlated with mobile phone addiction, phubbing, and procrastination (r=-0.158, -0.183, -0.240, P<0.001). Proactive personality positively predicted subjective well-being (β=1.232, 95% CI ), with direct effects accounting for 95.3% of the total effects. Procrastination partially mediated between proactive personality and subjective well-being (β=0.043, 95% CI ), with indirect effects accounting for 3.1% of the total effects. Mobile phone addiction, procrastination, and phubbing as a chain mediating effect between proactive personality and subjective well-being (β=0.020, 95% CI ), with a chain indirect effect accounting for 1.6% of the total effects. Conclusions A proactive personality can not only directly predict subjective well-being, but also reduce mobile phone addiction, phubbing, and procrastination, and indirectly affect subjective well-being. All sectors of society should pay attention to the cultivation of college students’ proactive personalities, and help them reduce bad behavior habits to improve subjective well-being.

Key words： College student Personality Mobile phone addiction Procrastination Subjective well-being

收稿日期: 2021-11-12

ZTFLH:

R395

作者简介: 张玉东(1995—),男,安徽亳州人,护士,硕士,从事临床护理工作。

引用本文:

张玉东. 主动性人格影响某高校大学生主观幸福感的链式中介作用分析[J]. 中国校医, 2023, 37(5): 358-361,376.
ZHANG Yudong. Analysis of chain mediating effect of proactive personality on subjective well-being of college students. Chinese Journal of School Doctor, 2023, 37(5): 358-361,376.

链接本文:

https://www.zgxyzz.org.cn/CN/ 或 https://www.zgxyzz.org.cn/CN/Y2023/V37/I5/358

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